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Compare Cook Islands (2008) - Tokelau (2002)
Compare Cook Islands (2008) z Tokelau (2002)
| Cook Islands (2008) | Tokelau (2002) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | none | none (territory of New Zealand) |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 34.1% (male 2,718/female 2,388)
15-64 years: 59.5% (male 4,531/female 4,395) 65 years and over: 6.4% (male 489/female 469) (2001 census) (2001 census) |
0-14 years: 42%
15-64 years: 53% 65 years and over: 5% (1996 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | copra, citrus, pineapples, tomatoes, beans, pawpaws, bananas, yams, taro, coffee; pigs, poultry | coconuts, copra, breadfruit, papayas, bananas; pigs, poultry, goats |
| Airports | 9 (2007) | none; lagoon landings are possible by amphibious aircraft (2001) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 2
1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 (2007) |
- |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | total: 7
1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 914 to 1,523 m: 4 under 914 m: 1 (2007) |
- |
| Area | total: 236.7 sq km
land: 236.7 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total: 10 sq km
land: 10 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | 1.3 times the size of Washington, DC | about 17 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC |
| Background | Named after Captain COOK, who sighted them in 1770, the islands became a British protectorate in 1888. By 1900, administrative control was transferred to New Zealand; in 1965, residents chose self-government in free association with New Zealand. The emigration of skilled workers to New Zealand and government deficits are continuing problems. | Originally settled by Polynesian emigrants from surrounding island groups, the Tokelau Islands were made a British protectorate in 1889. They were transferred to New Zealand administration in 1925. |
| Birth rate | 21 births/1,000 population NA (2001 census) | NA births/1,000 population |
| Budget | revenues: $70.95 million
expenditures: $69.05 million (FY05/06) |
revenues: $430,830
expenditures: $2.8 million, including capital expenditures of $37,300 |
| Capital | name: Avarua
geographic coordinates: 21 12 S, 159 46 W time difference: UTC-10 (5 hours behind Washington, DC during Standard Time) |
none; each atoll has its own administrative center |
| Climate | tropical oceanic; moderated by trade winds; a dry season from April to November and a more humid season from December to March | tropical; moderated by trade winds (April to November) |
| Coastline | 120 km | 101 km |
| Constitution | 4 August 1965 | administered under the Tokelau Islands Act of 1948, as amended in 1970 |
| Country name | conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Cook Islands former: Harvey Islands |
conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Tokelau |
| Currency | - | New Zealand dollar (NZD) |
| Death rate | NA | NA deaths/1,000 population |
| Debt - external | $141 million (1996 est.) | $0 |
| Dependency status | self-governing in free association with New Zealand; Cook Islands is fully responsible for internal affairs; New Zealand retains responsibility for external affairs and defense, in consultation with the Cook Islands | self-administering territory of New Zealand; note - Tokelauans are drafting a constitution, developing institutions and patterns of self-government as Tokelau moves toward free association with New Zealand |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | none (self-governing in free association with New Zealand) | none (territory of New Zealand) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (self-governing in free association with New Zealand) | none (territory of New Zealand) |
| Disputes - international | none | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | $13.1 million; note - New Zealand continues to furnish the greater part (1995) | from New Zealand about $4 million annually |
| Economy - overview | Like many other South Pacific island nations, the Cook Islands' economic development is hindered by the isolation of the country from foreign markets, the limited size of domestic markets, lack of natural resources, periodic devastation from natural disasters, and inadequate infrastructure. Agriculture, employing about one-third of the working population, provides the economic base with major exports made up of copra and citrus fruit. Black pearls are the Cook Islands' leading export. Manufacturing activities are limited to fruit processing, clothing, and handicrafts. Trade deficits are offset by remittances from emigrants and by foreign aid, overwhelmingly from New Zealand. In the 1980s and 1990s, the country lived beyond its means, maintaining a bloated public service and accumulating a large foreign debt. Subsequent reforms, including the sale of state assets, the strengthening of economic management, the encouragement of tourism, and a debt restructuring agreement, have rekindled investment and growth. | Tokelau's small size (three villages), isolation, and lack of resources greatly restrain economic development and confine agriculture to the subsistence level. The people rely heavily on aid from New Zealand - about $4 million annually - to maintain public services, annual aid being substantially greater than GDP. The principal sources of revenue come from sales of copra, postage stamps, souvenir coins, and handicrafts. Money is also remitted to families from relatives in New Zealand. |
| Electricity - consumption | 27.9 million kWh (2005 est.) | NA kWh |
| Electricity - exports | 0 kWh (2005) | - |
| Electricity - imports | 0 kWh (2005) | - |
| Electricity - production | 30 million kWh (2005) | NA kWh |
| Electricity - production by source | - | fossil fuel: NA%
hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA% |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Te Manga 652 m |
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location 5 m |
| Environment - current issues | NA | very limited natural resources and overcrowding are contributing to emigration to New Zealand |
| Environment - international agreements | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
- |
| Ethnic groups | Cook Island Maori (Polynesian) 87.7%, part Cook Island Maori 5.8%, other 6.5% (2001 census) | Polynesian |
| Exchange rates | NZ dollars per US dollar - 1.3811 (2007), 1.5408 (2006), 1.4203 (2005), 1.5087 (2004), 1.7221 (2003) | New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 2.3535 (January 2002), 2.3776 (2001), 2.1863 (2000), 1.8886 (1999), 1.8632 (1998), 1.5083 (1997) |
| Executive branch | chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Frederick GOODWIN (since 9 February 2001); New Zealand High Commissioner Brian DONNELLY (since 21 February 2008), representative of New Zealand
head of government: Prime Minister Jim MARURAI (since 14 December 2004); Deputy Prime Minister Terepai MAOATE (since 9 August 2005) cabinet: Cabinet chosen by the prime minister; collectively responsible to Parliament elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; the UK representative is appointed by the monarch; the New Zealand high commissioner is appointed by the New Zealand Government; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition usually becomes prime minister |
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and New Zealand are represented by Administrator Lindsay WATT (since NA March 1993)
head of government: Aliki Faipule Pio TUIA (since NA 2002) cabinet: the Council of Faipule, consisting of three elected leaders - one from each atoll - functions as a cabinet elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade in New Zealand; the head of government is chosen from the Council of Faipule and serves a one-year term |
| Exports | 0 bbl/day (2004) | $98,000 f.o.b. (1983) |
| Exports - commodities | copra, papayas, fresh and canned citrus fruit, coffee; fish; pearls and pearl shells; clothing | stamps, copra, handicrafts |
| Exports - partners | Australia 34%, Japan 27%, NZ 25%, US 8% (2006) | NZ |
| Fiscal year | 1 April - 31 March | 1 April - 31 March |
| Flag description | blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and a large circle of 15 white five-pointed stars (one for every island) centered in the outer half of the flag | the flag of New Zealand is used |
| GDP | - | purchasing power parity - $1.5 million (1993 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: 15.1%
industry: 9.6% services: 75.3% (2004) |
agriculture: NA%
industry: NA% services: NA% |
| GDP - per capita | - | purchasing power parity - $1,000 (1993 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | 0.1% (2005 est.) | NA% |
| Geographic coordinates | 21 14 S, 159 46 W | 9 00 S, 172 00 W |
| Geography - note | the northern Cook Islands are seven low-lying, sparsely populated, coral atolls; the southern Cook Islands, where most of the population lives, consist of eight elevated, fertile, volcanic isles, including the largest, Rarotonga, at 67 sq km | consists of three atolls, each with a lagoon surrounded by a number of reef-bound islets of varying length and rising to over three meters above sea level |
| Highways | - | total: NA km
paved: NA km unpaved: NA km |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
| Imports | 429.3 bbl/day (2004) | $323,000 c.i.f. (1983) |
| Imports - commodities | foodstuffs, textiles, fuels, timber, capital goods | foodstuffs, building materials, fuel |
| Imports - partners | NZ 61%, Fiji 19%, US 9%, Australia 6%, Japan 2% (2006) | NZ |
| Independence | none (became self-governing in free association with New Zealand on 4 August 1965 and has the right at any time to move to full independence by unilateral action) | none (territory of New Zealand) |
| Industrial production growth rate | 1% (2002) | NA% |
| Industries | fruit processing, tourism, fishing, clothing, handicrafts | small-scale enterprises for copra production, woodworking, plaited craft goods; stamps, coins; fishing |
| Infant mortality rate | total: NA
male: NA female: NA |
38 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 2.1% (2005 est.) | NA% |
| International organization participation | ACP, ADB, FAO, ICAO, ICRM, IFAD, IFRCS, IOC, ITUC, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO | SPC, UNESCO (associate), WHO (associate) |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | - | 1 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | NA | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | High Court | Supreme Court in New Zealand exercises civil and criminal jurisdiction in Tokelau |
| Labor force | 6,820 (2001) | NA |
| Labor force - by occupation | agriculture: 29%
industry: 15% services: 56% (1995) |
- |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
| Land use | arable land: 16.67%
permanent crops: 8.33% other: 75% (2005) |
arable land: 0% (soil is thin and infertile)
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (1998 est.) |
| Languages | English (official), Maori | Tokelauan (a Polynesian language), English |
| Legal system | based on New Zealand law and English common law | New Zealand and local statutes |
| Legislative branch | bicameral Parliament consisting of a Legislative Assembly (or lower house) (25 seats, 24 seats representing districts of the Cook Islands, 1 seat representing Cook Islanders living overseas; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) and a House of Ariki (or upper house) made up of traditional leaders
note: the House of Ariki advises on traditional matters and maintains considerable influence but has no legislative powers elections: last held 26 September 2006 (next to be held by 2011) election results: percent of vote by party - Demo 51.9%, CIP 45.5%, independent 2.7%; seats by party - Demo 15, CIP 8, independent 1 |
unicameral General Fono (48 seats; members chosen by each atoll's Council of Elders or Taupulega to serve three-year terms); note - the Tokelau Amendment Act of 1996 confers limited legislative power on the General Fono |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: NA
male: NA female: NA |
total population: NA years
male: 68 years (2001) female: 70 years (2001) |
| Literacy | definition: NA
total population: 95% male: NA% female: NA% |
NA |
| Location | Oceania, group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand | Oceania, group of three atolls in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand |
| Map references | Oceania | Oceania |
| Maritime claims | territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin |
exclusive economic zone: 200 NM
territorial sea: 12 NM |
| Merchant marine | total: 16 ships (1000 GRT or over) 112,129 GRT/126,160 DWT
by type: cargo 5, petroleum tanker 1, refrigerated cargo 9, roll on/roll off 1 foreign-owned: 11 (Norway 1, NZ 1, Sweden 9) (2007) |
none (2002 est.) |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of New Zealand, in consultation with the Cook Islands and at its request | defense is the responsibility of New Zealand |
| Military branches | no regular military forces; National Police Department (2007) | - |
| National holiday | Constitution Day, first Monday in August (1965) | Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840) |
| Nationality | noun: Cook Islander(s)
adjective: Cook Islander |
noun: Tokelauan(s)
adjective: Tokelauan |
| Natural hazards | typhoons (November to March) | lies in Pacific typhoon belt |
| Natural resources | NEGL | NEGL |
| Net migration rate | - | NA migrant(s)/1,000 population |
| People - note | 2001 census counted a resident population of 15,017 | - |
| Political parties and leaders | Cook Islands Party or CIP [Henry PUNA]; Democratic Party or Demo [Dr. Terepai MAOATE] | none |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | NA | none |
| Population | 21,750 (July 2007 est.) | 1,431 (July 2002 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | NA% |
| Population growth rate | -1.2% between 1996-2001 (2001 census) | -0.92% (2002 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | - | none; offshore anchorage only |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (2004) | AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA
note: each atoll has a radio broadcast station of unknown type that broadcasts shipping and weather reports (1998) |
| Radios | - | 1,000 (1997) |
| Railways | - | 0 km |
| Religions | Cook Islands Christian Church 55.9%, Roman Catholic 16.8%, Seventh-Day Adventists 7.9%, Church of Latter Day Saints 3.8%, other Protestant 5.8%, other 4.2%, unspecified 2.6%, none 3% (2001 census) | Congregational Christian Church 70%, Roman Catholic 28%, other 2%
note: on Atafu, all Congregational Christian Church of Samoa; on Nukunonu, all Roman Catholic; on Fakaofo, both denominations, with the Congregational Christian Church predominant |
| Sex ratio | 1.07 male(s)/female (2001 census) | NA |
| Suffrage | NA years of age; universal (adult) | 21 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment: Telecom Cook Islands offers international direct dialing, Internet, email, fax, and Telex
domestic: the individual islands are connected by a combination of satellite earth stations, microwave systems, and VHF and HF radiotelephone; within the islands, service is provided by small exchanges connected to subscribers by open-wire, cable, and fiber-optic cable international: country code - 682; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) |
general assessment: adequate
domestic: radiotelephone service between islands international: radiotelephone service to Samoa; government-regulated telephone service (TeleTok), with 3 satellite earth stations, established in 1997 |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 6,200 (2002) | NA |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 1,500 (2002) | 0 (2001) |
| Television broadcast stations | 1 (outer islands receive satellite broadcasts) (2004) | - |
| Terrain | low coral atolls in north; volcanic, hilly islands in south | low-lying coral atolls enclosing large lagoons |
| Total fertility rate | 3.1 children born/woman (2001 census) | NA children born/woman |
| Unemployment rate | 13.1% (2005) | NA% |
| Waterways | - | none |
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